When your YDNA tests are completed, the simplicity of the results belies the deep science that has occurred behind the scenes. For example,
- If you have selected a Y37/Y67/Y111 STR test, your will get 37, 67, or 111 numbers corresponding to letter repeats at certain places on the Y chromosome. For example, DYS393 = 13 means that a certain sequence has repeated 13 times at a certain place on the Y chromosome. You will also get a haplogroup prediction that is very, very general.
- If you selected a Big Y test, you will get approximately 700 STR values plus a single haplogroup designation such as R-FGC10116. While seemingly simple, this haplogroup/SNP designation is based upon the chemical analysis of over 500,000 chromosome base pairs. This haplogroup designation is a shorthand designation for a full mutation path back to the original “Genetic Adam” who lived approximately 200,000 years ago.
The full SNP mutation path for R-FGC10116, for instance, is shown below. This SNP sequence is one path through the Phylogenetic Tree that includes all people alive today.
After your results are back, the fun starts! The Campbell Project currently has over 1,500 STR and 750 Big Y participants. STR and SNP Haplogroup matching with these participants can be used to find common ancestors and potentially breakthrough brick walls. In addition, certain haplogroup designations, such as R-FGC10116 -- shown above, can mean that you are a descendant of Diarmid O'Duibne!
For example, a 109/111 STR match (known as a genetic distance of 2) can predict a Time to the Most Recent Common Ancestor (TMRCA) of 270 years as shown in the chart below.
The additional analysis that is possible from your STR and SNP results is documented elsewhere and so it will not be repeated here. However, suffice it to say that the Campbell DNA Team is standing ready and available to aid you in the analysis of your data.
If you have any questions, please contact the Campbell DNA Team at: campbellDNAproject@ccsna.org